71 John Cary 1807

 

John Cary produced a series of large scale maps which were issued in parts (typically three maps and text to each part) and collected into a folio atlas in 1809 as Cary’s New English Atlas. Originally on sale at 5s/6d a part, the first instalment was offered for sale as early as 1801. All early maps had a date of 1801 until about 1805, when the date of engraving was included, rather than the starting date for the project. Part ten was issued circa July, 1806 (the date on the maps). The Devon map is dated October 1807 (part 13?), is very detailed and shows most of the canals, both existing and proposed, with for the Grand Western Intended Canal a note no part of this line is yet executed 1807. The general map was finished in June 1809 and presumably the atlas appeared some time shortly after this.

William Smith (1769-1835), geologist and engineer, produced the first geological map of England and Wales. This famous work, based on another Cary map, was published on 15 sheets (5M=25 mm) in 1815: The Delineation of the Strata of England and Wales. Cary’s county maps were also adapted by Smith to convey the data for his unfinished New Geological Atlas published 1819-24 - calculated to elucidate the Agriculture of each County & to show the situation of the best Materials for Building, Making of Roads, the Construction of Canals, & pointing out those places where Coal & other valuable Minerals are likely to be found.

In c.1844 Cary’s plates passed to G F Cruchley who issued the maps as lithographs and later to Gall and Inglis who continued to reproduce the maps, even keeping Cruchley’s name on them. Until c.1895 the updated maps were reissued as folding maps in covers or as mounted maps with various titles, eg Cruchley’s Railway Map of ... or Cruchley’s Railway and Station Map.

I - Engraved plates issued under the Cary imprint

Size 482 x 537 mm.                                                                                                                                                            SCALE (12 = 69 mm).

A NEW MAP OF DEVONSHIRE, DIVIDED INTO HUNDREDS  EXHIBITING Its Roads, Rivers, Parks &c. By JOHN CARY, Engraver. 1807. Imprint: London: Published by J.Cary. Engraver & Mapseller, No. 181 Strand, Octr. 26. 1807. (CeOS).

1. 1807 Sold as a loose sheet or dissected, mounted, folded and cased (presumably predating atlas). C.
       
    Cary's New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1809. CCCXXXIII, BL, RGS, W, BCL.
       
2. 1811 Date in imprint Apr. 28. 1811.  
       
    Cary's New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1811.      CCCXXXIV, RGS.
       
3. 1811  Date below signature now 1811.  
       
    Cary's New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 18111 .          BL,  B, C.
       
4. 1818 Date below signature now 1818, in imprint Jany. 1st. 1818.  
       
    Cary's New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1818.  CCCXXXV, RGS, C.
       
    Also sold as a loose sheet or dissected, mounted, folded and cased.      DevA2.
       
5. 1820 This edition only. Title and imprint dates changed to 1819. New title added below the bottom imprint: GEOLOGICAL MAP OF DEVON. by W SMITH. Mineral Surveyor. together with Note. The numbers attached to the description of each stratum refer to the Geological Table of British Organised Fossils which may be had of the Publisher Price 1s. 6d.  
       
    A New Geological Atlas of England & Wales ... By William Smith  
    London. J Cary. 1820. [Radcliffe].
       
6. 1821 As 71.4 above but title date now 1821, and imprint date Jany. 1st. 1821.  
       
    Cary’s New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1821. RGS.
       
7. 1824 Title date now 1824, and imprint date March. 1st. 1824. Grand Western and Intended Tamar Navigation as far as New Bridge.  
       
    Single sheets cut, folded and cased. C, DevA, KB.
       
8. 1825 Date in imprint now 1825.  
       
    Cary’s New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1824 (1825). RGS. RGS.
       
9. 1826 Date below signature and in imprint 1826.  
       
    Single sheets cut, folded and cased.                                                                               C, DevA.
       
10. 1828 Title date and in imprint 1828.  
       
    Cary’s New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1828.                                                                              CCCXXXVI, BL.
       
11. 1831 Title in date and imprint 1831. Plymouth Dock now Devonport. Brixton to Plymouth road added. New roads added at Torquay.  
       
    Single sheet, cut and folded.                                                                                       
    London. G and J Cary.1831.  RGS, DevA, KB3.
       
12. 1831 EXPLANATION is added (Ae) with a key to Election Places (Maltese Cross).  
       
    Single sheet cut, folded and cased with Cruchley imprint. DevA4 .
       
13. 1834 Title in date and imprint 1834.  
       
    Cary’s New English Atlas  
    London. J Cary. 1834. BL.
       
14. 1842 Date amended to 1842.  
       
    Cary’s New English Atlasa complete set of folding maps  
    London. J Cary.1842.
BL.

 

II - Lithograph states issued under the Cruchley imprint (including Gall & Inglis)   

In 1844 George F Cruchley acquired the plates formery belonging to John Cary and from 1850 onwards issued sheets from the Cary's New English Atlas. These were lithographically reproduced and offered at the same size as the original maps but with new title (updated over the next forty years) and with added colour and updating of railway information. The following is a comprehensive (but, no doubt, incomplete) selection of folding maps. These were often sold in yellow/orange covers with varying titles (see illustrations).

Size 482 x 537 mm.                                                                                                                                                       SCALE (12 = 69 mm).     

A. 1855   

Map title: Cruchley’s Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways & Names of Stations ... (Ea). Explanation (Ae). Imprint (below title): London: Published by G. F. Cruchley. Map Seller and Globe Maker. 81, Fleet Street.Imprint: January 1st, 1855. (AeOS). Bristol and Exeter Railway to Exeter and Plymouth with dotted line into Cornwall. Branch lines to Tiverton, Barnstaple and Torquay Station (actually Torre).

 
    Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with cover title AA.
    CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY MAP OF THE COUNTY OF DEVON ....   
       
B. 1855    Map title: Cruchley’s Railway Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways & Names of Stations ALSO THE TELEGRAPH LINES & STATIONS. Improved from the ORDNANCE SURVEYS. (Ea). Explanation (Ae). Imprint (below title): London: Published by G. F. Cruchley. Map Seller and Globe Maker. 81, Fleet Street.Imprint: January 1st, 1855. (AeOS). Bristol and Exeter Railway to Exeter and Plymouth with full line into Cornwall. Branch lines to Tiverton, Barnstaple and Torquay Station (actually Torre). Compass point (Ed).  
    Single sheet, folding but cover now lost   BL5.
       
 C. 1857      Map title: Cruchley’s Railway & Telegraphic Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways And Names of Stations , Also the Telegraph Lines & Stations, Improved from the Ordnance Surveys (Ea). Imprint: January 1st, 1857. (AeOS). Railway to Bideford.  
    Single sheet, folding into green paper cover with cover title 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY & TELEGRAPHIC COUNTY MAP OF DEVON ..

 KB.
       
 D. 1858       Title and imprint as before but now moved (Ed) with compass point deleted. Sheet number 9 added (EeOS, but trimmed and lost). Railways added Plympton to Tavistock; and extensions from Torquay to Painton Sta (sic) and Brixham Road Station and projected to Dartmouth. The Yeovil & Exeter Railway is shown.  
    Cruchley’s Railway and Telegraphic County Atlas of England and Wales                BL.
       
 E. 1860    Title and imprint (Ed). Explanation (now Ea) with Railways in progress. Sheet number 9 added (EeOS). Railways added to Exmouth, and projected (dashed) to Launceston. The Yeovil & Exeter Railway is shown with a branch to Chard. Railways in progress include Crediton to Tavistock; Ottery to Sidmouth and Budleigh Salterton; and Newton Abbots (sic) to Moretonhampstead and Chudleigh to Christow.  
    Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with cover title 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY & TELEGRAPHIC COUNTY MAP OF DEVONSHIRE ....   

 KB.
F. 1865      Title as before but 15 mm nearer south coast. Railways added to Launceston via Lidford and to Dartmouth. Includes Totnes to Buckfastleigh; new projected Brent to Kingsbridge; Barnstaple to Ilfracombe (eastern route). Taunton to Barnstaple is shown dotted only west of Dulverton.  
    Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with cover title 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY & TELEGRAPHIC COUNTY MAP OF DEVONSHIRE ..

 KB.
G. 1868  Map title: Cruchley’s Railway & Telegraphic Map Of Devon. Railways added Newton Abbots (sic) to Moreton Hampstead (1866), Torquay to Dartmouth and projected to Brixham (1868), and Yeoford to Tawton (1865). Railways in progress are shown from Tawton to Hatherleigh, Holsworthy and on to Stratton and Bude with line Bideford to Hatherleigh; Tawton to Lidford; Totnes to Ashburton; Taunton to Barnstaple; and Teigngrace to Ashton.  
    Single sheet, folding into green paper cover with cover title 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY & TELEGRAPHIC COUNTY MAP OF DEVON ...      

 BL, P.
H. 1868 Map title: Cruchley’s Railway & Telegraphic County Map Of Devon  
   

Folding map in green hard cover with title CRUCHLEY`S TOURIST MAP OF DEVON

 KB.
I. 1871   Map title: Cruchley’s Railway & Station Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways And Names of Stations ... (Ee).Polling Places as black squares (despite explanation panel as Maltese Cross). Railway from Yeoford as far as Okehampton (1871) complete with dotted to Lidford. Railway to Seaton and Beer (smooth curve, 1868). Yeovil & Exeter Railway has branch to Chard. Projected Barnstaple to Ilfracombe (east route through Bittadon). Names of divisions added across county.  
    Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with cover title 

Cruchley’s Map of The County of Devon Showing the New Parliamentary Divisions 

 BL.

J.

1871   Title and imprint as before. Polling Places as Maltese Cross. Railway now Taunton to Chard. Projected Barnstaple to Ilfracombe (west route). Stations named en route to Seaton.  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with cover title 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY & TELEGRAPHIC COUNTY MAP OF DEVONSHIRE ....   

KB.

K.

1872      Title and imprint as before. Railway Okehampton to Lidford complete. Taunton to Barnstaple completed to Wivelscombe (opened 8.6.1871, not named).  

 

  Single sheet, folding into plain blue boards with no cover title.            KB.

L.

1873 Title and imprint as before. Chard to Taunton removed. Wivelscombe station now named. Line to Torrington. Okehampton to Lidford again dotted (possibly in error).  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover as

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY AND STATION MAP OF THE COUNTY OF DEVONSHIRE ... IMPROVED EDITION  

KB.

M.

1873  Title and imprint as before. Note below title This map may be had geologically coloured. Price 3/6 in sheet. Railway Okehampton to Lidford complete; Barnstaple to Taunton complete.. Tiverton to Bampton projected and projected line to Westward Ho from between Instow and Bideford stations.  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover with 

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY AND STATION MAP ....IMPROVED EDITION.                            

BL.

 

  May also be present in Cruchley´s Railway and Telegraphic Atlas of England and Wales

London and Edinburgh. Gall and Inglis. (1875 or later).    

 [MCL].

N.

1879      Title and imprint as before. Railways to Holsworthy (1879), Tipton station to Sidmouth (1874) and Taunton to Barnstaple (1873). Small branch line from Mutley station.  

 

  Single sheet cut, linen-backed, folding into maroon boards with marbled endpapers.

Cover title CRUCHLEY’S TOURIST MAP OF DEVON WITH THE RAILWAYS

KB.

 

  May also be present in Cruchley’s Railway and Telegraphic County Atlas of England and Wales London. G F Cruchley (actually Gall and Inglis). (1879).   [Leeds].

O.

1882   Title is (this edition only) Deacon‘s Map Of Devonshire Improved from the Ordnance Surveys. (Prepared expressly for this work.) (Ee). Explanation (Ea). Imprint (CeOS): C W Deacon & Co. Charing Cross Chambers London W C. No sheet number and scale bar lower towards lower border. Dotted line for projected railways from Torrington and Tawton to Holsworthy and Bude etc, Sidmouth to Budleigh Salterton, and Tiverton to Bampton have been replaced by a thin double line even though explanation now incorrect (Kingsbridge line remains dashed). Line to Hemyock. Some corrections to route of established lines, e.g. near South Molton and Buckfastleigh. Westward Ho line deleted.  

 

 

Deacon’s Court Guide , Gazetteer and County Blue Book

London. C W Deacon. 1882.    

KB.

P.

1882  Cruchley’s County Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways And Names of Stations ... (Ee). Explanation (Ea). Imprint (below title): London: Published by Gall & Inglis, 25, Paternoster Square. Edinburgh, Bernhard Terrace.                            

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover.

CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY AND STATION MAP OF THE COUNTY OF DEVONSHIRE

 

Q.

1886   This edition only: As above with additional railway Exeter to Bampton. Completely surrounding the borders are advertisements for bicycles and cyclist’s stores. Map is enclosed in a booklet of 125 pages full of suggested routes (odd pages)  and useful suppliers (even pages); back of map full of adverts.  

 

  Harrison´s “”Finger Post” Bicycle Road Guide and County Map of Devonshire ...

London. Harrison & Co. (1886).        

BL.

R.

1886 Three parliamentary divisions replaced by new districts established in 1885. Railways completed Exeter to Bampton (1885) and Dartmoor Railway from Yelverton to Princetown (1883). Railway Taunton to Chard reinstated. Printer´s mark [square symbol] 10 x (AeOS).  

 

  CRUCHLEY’S RAILWAY AND STATION MAP OF THE COUNTY OF DEVONSHIRE .     BL.

S. 

1886 Identical to R above except that map is coloured to show new divisions (not brown) and Halwill line added. Note BX. London. Gall & Inglis  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover.

CRUCHLEY’S COUNTY MAP OF DEVON ....              

KB.

T.

1886  Printer´s mark [square symbol] L2 (AeOS).  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange paper cover.

CRUCHLEY’S County Maps of England -  DEVON FOR CYCLISTS, TOURISTS & c 

AA.

U.

1889  Title is (this edition only) County Map Of Devon Showing all the Railways And Names of Stations ... (Ee). Imprint (below title): Published with White´s History, Gazetteer, And Directory. Of The County Of Devon. 1889. Signature: Gall & Inglis, Edinburgh. (EeOS).  

 

  White´s History, Gazetteer, And Directory. Of The County Of Devon

London. William White. 1889.                                                                                          

DevA.

V.

1901 Cruchley’s Road and Railway Map Of the County Of Devon Showing all the Railways And Names of Stations ... (Ee). Explanation (Ea). Imprint (below title): London: Published by Gall & Inglis, 25, Paternoster Square. Edinburgh, Bernhard Terrace. Note (Ae) referring to Contour Road Book (Western counties volume appeared in 1901). Printer’s mark A7 (AeOS). Line to Bude now shown twice !1898); as complete (heavy) and as projected (thin lines).  

 

  Single sheet, folding into orange waterproof cover. 

Cover title Cruchley’s County Maps Of England - Devon For Cyclists, Tourists Etc ...

KB.

 

[1] BL copy is untitled. In addition: William Upcott in his bibliography of works on English Topography (1878) lists this state as being present in a copy of the Rev. Polwhele’s History of Devonshire (qv p.52).

[2] This copy: Sold at RATTLE & BRINE’S library 34 Brook-Street, BATH. Fancy Stationery, Prints &c.

[3] Map imprint is only J Cary but the cover is: Cary’s New Map of Devonshire … with imprint of G and J Cary.

[4] Case title: A NEW MAP OF DEVONSHIRE, Divided into Hundreds; EXHIBITING THE WHOLE OF THE Turnpike and Cross Roads ... Sold by G Cruchley, Map-Seller and Publisher (From Arrowsmith’s) No 338 Ludgate Street, St Paul’s, London.

[5] British Library copies are: B BL 2119.(14.); D BL Maps 18.d.17.; G BL 2119.(25).; I BL 2119.(19).; M BL Maps 44.a.8.; Q BL Maps 9.a.9.; and R BL Maps 44.a.9.